OBJECT LEVEL EVIDENCE / MIDDLE

Identify the object first.

Object / collection no.
VAT 10052
Edition and text ID
MARV 10, 07 / StAT 5, 07 / CDLI P282957
Findspot / archive
Aššur, M 07 archive; excavation Ass 21101 s
Dating
Middle Assyrian period; dated by named eponym, not converted here to a fixed BCE year
Document type
Receipt
Read these lines
Obverse 1-5; reverse 7-12; dating reverse 13-15

Open the original institutional object or text edition. This catalogue link provides an identified record; the archive has not independently collated ancient signs or verified every translation choice.

ATTRIBUTED ANCIENT-TEXT EXCERPTS

Read the edited lines side by side.

Transliteration represents cuneiform signs in modern notation; it is not the original cuneiform image. The two English columns are editorial cues and interpretation, not a new translation or verbatim reproduction of the scholarly edition. Check the linked publication for the full line sequence and the specialist English rendering.

Named recipient and uncertain campaign phrase

Very short quoted excerpts by line, with original editorial glosses
Edition lineTransliteration excerptEnglish reading cueInterpretation and uncertainty
Obverse 5damageda-na ^{m}ni-ri-⸢ša⸣-al-diThe entry introduces a recipient named Niri-šaldi, according to the published edition.The next lines supply a legal-status designation; one receipt is not a complete biography.The upper corner brackets delimit damaged but readable parts of the personal name.
Reverse 8queried⸢i+na KASKAL^{!?}^{ni}⸣The edition queries the wording used to connect the issue with a journey or campaign.A proposed expedition context is not a verified travel route.Damage brackets and editor marks including ! and ? are deliberately preserved.

Source: Jacob Jan de Ridder, ATMAP/TCMA edition of MARV 10, 07 (2020), CC BY-SA 3.0. Licence details. Read the complete original edition. Only short attributed samples are included; no full scholarly translation is mirrored.

The campaign reading contains explicit damage and editorial uncertainty; no definite journey is reconstructed.

Reading marks: [ ] = lost text supplied by editors; x = unidentified sign; # = damaged sign; ? = uncertain reading; raised corner marks = partly damaged signs. Learn the notation or view all objects together.

Identify the item before the story

This tablet is edited as MARV 10, 07, also published as StAT 5, 07, with collection number VAT 10052 and CDLI P282957. The ATMAP/TCMA catalogue places it in the M 07 archive at Aššur and retains the excavation number Ass 21101 s. Those details distinguish it from other palace supply records. A name appearing in the edition does not mean that a modern biography of that person survives.

What the edition actually records

The source edition describes one pair of palace-associated shoes under the charge of a named great steward, and assigns it to Niri-šaldi, designated a hostage. The route or campaign attached to the entry has a question mark in the scholarly translation. The tablet gives a transaction and an administrative classification; it does not allow a confident description of how the person became a hostage or whether the footwear arrived in an actual campaign camp.

A small object and a large political setting

Footwear is a mundane object, yet its written assignment shows that palace administration attended to clothing and supplies while categorising people by status. The term hostage alerts historians to unequal power and potential coercion. Neither a pair of shoes nor its administrative wording tells us the recipient's feelings, degree of agency, ordinary wardrobe or family connections. Inferring an entire personal story from one receipt would reproduce an institutional viewpoint.

The shoes belong to the palace, are under the great steward Apliya's responsibility and are assigned to Niri-shaldi, described as a hostage. Owner, managing official and recipient have different roles.

An ordinary object thus enters a political supply system. A hostage could receive provisions while remaining constrained. The issue of footwear does not establish voluntary employment, but it does document responsibility for a practical need.

How to review the uncertain clause

The editor's uncertain campaign language is a useful research task, not a reason to omit the record. Review the obverse and reverse line readings, find the name and status vocabulary in parallel Middle Assyrian texts, and distinguish attested place names from conjectural geographical routes. Any map built from this receipt should contain only the locations actually supported by the edition. The original edited text remains linked at the source.

The passage interpreted as campaign context names the Euphrates and the lands of Tummi and Nairi. Its uncertainty affects the setting, not the existence of the recorded footwear issue.

Begin with the secure transfer and named people, then qualify the possible context. That provides information without inventing how Niri-shaldi became a hostage or every stage by which a person or object travelled.

CONNECTED RESEARCH

Explore the concordance.

These are editorial reading links, not a claim that different documents describe the same event.

Evidence trail

This introduction draws on the following sources: [1][2]. Section reading trails highlight selected references where a more precise relationship has been recorded. Unmapped passages and other references remain at article level; these trails are not a sentence-by-sentence verification. Editorial guidance is identified in the text.

Go to the evidence

Sources & further reading

  • 1
    Edition of primary cuneiform tablet

    MARV 10, 07, palace footwear receipt, CDLI P282957, VAT 10052

    Oracc ATMAP/TCMA, Jacob Jan de Ridder

    Assur M 07 Archive, excavation Ass 21101 s. Palace footwear assigned to an individual described as a hostage; campaign wording is uncertain.. Recorded source check: 2026-10-30.
  • 2
    Specialist edited primary administrative text corpus

    Archival Texts of the Middle Assyrian Period (ATMAP/TCMA)

    Oracc / Jacob Jan de Ridder and project contributors

    Online corpus with transliterations, translations, findspots, bibliographies and provenance notes. Its 3,000+ texts are a corpus description, not representative of every inhabitant.. Recorded source check: 2026-10-29.

A foundation to build on

This introduction was compiled from the linked sources and has not received specialist peer review. It is intended as a route into further research. Read how corrections and reviews are handled.

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